Sunday, October 13, 2019

Cuisine in the Andalucía and Aragon Regions

Cuisine in the Andalucà ­a and Aragon Regions In this Project I will be discussing Spanish gastronomy, in particular from the regions of Andalucà ­a and Aragon I will begin with an introduction of both the regions and then go onto outline the food they like to eat, discussing the dishes that are unique to the region from each province within the region, and how popular the dishes are, and I will research the produce that is unique to each region and the tradition(s) behind the food and the people, I will also provide illustrations to give visual impact to my discussion. Andalucà ­a is the largest populated region in Spain boasting an incredible 8,285,692 inhabitants locating its self southerly, easterly facing the Mediterranean and westerly the Atlantic Ocean. Andalucà ­a is divided by eight provinces Almeria, Malaga, Granada, Seville, Huelva, Cadiz, Cordoba and Jaen. Essentially the region offers a Mediterranean climate with dry, hot summers and polar like cold winters, making it an attractive location for tourists with its golden beaches and mountain ranges. Andalucà ­a is typically an agricultural region but the service sector is now the regions predominant source of income incorporating tourism, retail sales and transportation. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andalusia- 12-3-2010) Aragon is a Spanish region in the north east of the country and it borders with France. The region is divided into three provinces which are Huesca, Zaragoza and Teruel. Aragon is one of Spains smallest regions and homes 1,277,471 people. The region in difference to Andalucà ­a is an in-land region and doesnt have beaches, but is blessed with rich green pastures and orchards, valleys and permanent glaciers. Aragon also has many rivers, one of which it is known for is the river ‘Ebro (Spains largest river) and with it being in the midst of the Pyrenees it is surrounded by many mountains including the highest in the Pyrenees the ‘Aneto. Aragon is one of Spains richest regions although its revenue is similar to Andalucà ­as of agricultural and Service sector. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aragon 17/03/2010) Andalucà ­a is a beautiful region of southern Spain, where it is rich in fresh produce thus making it gastronomically precious. The prime diet of the region is the Mediterranean diet like in a lot of Spain. In this section I am going to talk about each province of Andalucà ­a and some of the dishes and produce they have to offer. Almeria. Almerian dishes are mostly based on produce such as pepper, garlic and tomatoes and include the following popular dishes: ‘Olla de trigo, ‘Ajo colorao, ‘morgas, paprika stew and ‘Gachas pancake. (http://www.s4c.co.uk/casadudley/e_casadudley_andalucia.shtml 18-03-2010) ‘Olla de trigo is pots of wheat and ‘Ajo colorao is red garlic. Granada. Granada is popular for its ‘Sacromonte omelette and Grenadine style broad beans. The style of cooking in Granada has a lot of Arabian influences, with it being spicy and sweet, and consisting in stews and soups. Granada like in a lot of Spain, offers a good variety of Tapas in its bars, where you can sample a variety of national and regional bites and light snacks. Generally Granadas gastronomy forms around fresh fruit and vegetables, salt and vinegar and olive oil and whatever you eat from the region will have one if not all these ingredients within it. Summery soups are ‘Gaspachos and ‘Ajo Blanco and wintery ‘thicker soups such as: ‘Olla de san Anton. The Grenadine style broad beans are wrapped in ham and are called ‘Habas con Jamon. (http://www.whatgranada.com/granada-food.html 18-03-2010) Malaga. Food in Malaga is based around seafood, poultry, sausage, olive oil and locally grown vegetables. ‘Chanquetes is a popular dish made with small fishes such as sardines and ‘Boquerones in vinegar (marinated and pickled Anchovies). Rabo de Toro a la Rondeà ±a. Is another popular regional dish which is a bulls tail. (http://www.spanishabroad.com/spain/Malaga/mala_food.htm -20-03-2010) Huelva. Huelva is home to a busy port, so the produce that surrounds the province in abundance is Seafood, so its restaurants are rich with fresh fish and shell fish. A popular dish is ‘Choco which is a small cuttle fish, and Huelva is well known throughout Spain for its ‘Gambas Blancas (white prawns) and an array of clams: ‘Chirlas, ‘Coquinas and ‘almejas. Other famous dishes are ‘Rape al vino Blanco (Monk fish in white wine) and ‘Raya al pimenton ‘(Skate with paprika). (http://www.andalucia.com/cities/huelva/restaurants.htm 24-03-2010) Cadiz. The food in Cadiz like in a lot of Andalucà ­a, is predominantly sea food based, finding amongst its coast lines, shrimp, sea-snails, squid, sea-urchins, lobster and prawns, but seafood is not the only thing people eat in Cadiz, meats such as Pork, goat, beef, game and lamb are widely consumed. Some of the nicest seafood dishes of the province are: ‘Abaja de pescado (Fish stew), ‘Gambas al ajillo (prawns fried in garlic) ‘Cazon en adobo (Dogfish marinated) ‘Cadillios de peros (Fish; stewed in orange) and as far as the meat dishes go: ‘Guiso de Rabo de Toro (oxtail stew) ‘Perdiz estofada (partridge casserole) (http://www.whatcadiz.com/spain-food-wine.html 24-03-2010) Seville. The people of Seville are famous for being known as the people who do not eat but feed on Tapas. (http://www.andalucia.com/gastronomy/provincial.htm 26-03-2010) So a good way to get to know Sevillian food is to try as many dishes as possible from all the tapas bars, this is the way the locals eat, amongst big groups of friends eating lots of small portions from the tapas bars. Cured meats such as ‘Jamon Serrano Iberico, prawns of sanlucar, fried fish, including ‘Gaspacho and fresh salads. When the Sevillians are not out eating at the tapas bars and taverns, they do a lot of home cooking as the people of Seville are not keen restaurant goers. The true specialities of the region are Flamenco eggs, stuffed artichokes and sautà ©ed kidney with sherry. (http://www.aboutsevilla.com/sevilla/food-drink.asp 26-03-2010) Cordoba. Unlike the other regions I have spoke about in Andalucà ­a and their very seafood orientation, Cordobas food seems to be more in-land with delicious gamey dishes and stews, quite similar to Almerian dishes. Produce such as peppers, pumpkin, purple grapes are included in the dishes and also exotic spices such as cumin and saffron. Some other popular dishes include ‘Salmorejo cordobes (a thicker Gaspacho style soup), ‘Morcilla (Blood sausage), ‘Salchichon de Pozo Blanco (cured sausage). (http://www.whatcordoba.com/cordoba-food.html 28-04-2010) Jaen. Jaen, the final province in Andalucà ­a, a province which bases its food on olive oil and some popular dishes include ‘Espinacas Jineses (a style of spinach typical to Jaen) ‘Ajilmojili (a provincial style of potato cooked with olive oil, red peppers and vinegar). There is also an area of Jaen where fish is more widely consumed with fish dishes being more cod and herring based which are used to make the following dishes: ‘Ajoharina and ‘Andrajos. Jaen is known for products such as ‘Afajores (macaroons), ‘Mostachones (a provincial sweet made with, flour, cinnamon, lemon and sugar), ‘Roscos (a type of donut) and a selection of local marmalades. (http://www.andalucia.com/gastronomy/provincial.htm 29-03-2010) I have based this project more so on Andalucà ­an cuisine, but in the following section I will briefly state some of the dishes from Aragon comparatively to the dishes of Andalucà ­a. Aragon. Aragonese cuisine is known as the most wholesome and straight forward in Spain and with Aragon being in-land and bordering France and homing the Pyrenees, the food is simpler, warm and homely, differing from the Andalucà ­as zest and vibrant seafood. In Zaragoza you find meat dishes such as Lamb and goat cooked on a spit, vegetable stew and some local favourites such as ‘huevos al salmorejo (eggs with asparagus sauce) and ‘Pollo a la chilindron (Chicken in a cured ham sauce) (http://www.zaragozatravel.com/dining.htm) 30-03-2010.) The region also includes dishes that combine, meat, chocolate and fruit, popular dishes include partridge with chocolate, Fried Pyrenees trout (the best trout from the rivers in the region) and Serrano ham from Teruel (which are made and cured in the bitter winter months up in the mountains) and ‘Sopa aragonese which is made with liver and cheese; dating back to the 17th century.( http://www.iberianfoods.co.uk/Aragon.htm) 30-02-2010)

Saturday, October 12, 2019

On the Road: Jack Kerouacs Rejection of the Middle Class American Drea

Jack Kerouac was one of a group of young men who, immediately after the Second World War, protested against what they saw as the blandness, conformity and lack of cultural purpose of middle-class life in America. The priorities of people of their age, in the mainstream of society, were to get married, to move the suburbs, to have children and to accumulate wealth and possessions. Jack Kerouac and his friends consciously rejected this pursuit of stability and instead looked elsewhere for personal fulfillment. They were the Beats, the pioneers of a counterculture that came to be known as the Beat Generation. The Beats saw mainstream life as a prison. They wanted freedom, the freedom to pick up and go at a moments notice. This search for the true meaning of life was given a literary voice in Jack Kerouac's novel On the Road, written in 1951 but not published until 1957. This essay will investigate some of the aspects of the novel that make it a forceful and complex rejection of the white middle class American dream. Beginning in the winter of 1947 Jack Kerouac undertook a series of journeys by car across the United States and finally into Mexico that he then wrote about in On the Road. The novel conveys a feeling of constant motion, a frenetic search for meaning in an America that is very different from the middle class ideal. Sal Paradise, the narrator of the story, describes an America of constantly changing landscapes peopled by a multitude of colourful characters. Sal Paradise's America is an America where the only commitment seems to be to the immediate gratification found in fast cars, sex, drugs and jazz. Sal's idol and travelling companion is Dean Moriarty, a reckless and hyperactive womanizer who, to Sal, is the phy... ...tual values but also a search for a personal identity that had been lost or maybe had never even existed in the first place. In On the Road, the narrator, Sal Paradise, recounts the details of a search that, ultimately, is not rewarded. Sal's infatuation with Dean Moriarty leads him only to a parting of the ways. When he is abandoned by Dean, whilst seriously ill in Mexico, Sal finally realizes what Dean really stands for. Sal, at last, comes to the understanding that his friend's philosophy is based on the premise that personal authenticity requires the complete abandonment of personal ties. Dean believes that all your energy must be focussed on obtaining your own kicks to the exclusion of everyone else. As Sal says in the final paragraph of the novel, " I realized what a rat he was" (302). Works Cited Kerouac, Jack. On the Road. New York: Viking Press, 1957.

Friday, October 11, 2019

‘Explore the ways that writers present strong feelings to interest the reader or audience’

Various techniques are used by writers to present strong feelings which evoke emotion from the reader or audience. Literary techniques are used in great lengths to both emphasise strong feelings in a literary piece and to also evoke strong feelings from an audience. The techniques embody language, structure and form. The experimentation of structure and poetic techniques used by writers create strong feelings within both the contemporary and present audience, ensuring audiences were and always will be interested in the literary piece.In the prologue of the play ‘Romeo and Juliet’ the audience learn that two dignified households in the city of Verona hold an ‘’ancient grudge’’ towards each other, which remains a source of the violent conflict which is central to the play. It can be suggested that hatred has grown stronger over a long period of time. Similarly, the structure of the poem undermined traditional Elizabethan sonnets which were tradit ionally love poems. Shakespeare’s, however, changed this form to show hatred, violence, conflict and death to foreshadow the ending of ‘Romeo and Juliet’.An Elizabethan audience would have recognised this, creating a feeling of excitement and curiosity within them. Likewise in ‘sonnet 43’ Browning has also undermined the traditional form of a sonnet to create religious imagery to describe her lover. Browning’s sonnet discusses and compares her strong feelings for her lover and as her description develops she illustrates that she loves him with the emotions of an entire life from childhood right through to death. ‘’I love thee with the breath, smiles, tears, of all my life!– And, if God choose, I shall love thee better after death’’. She worships her lover with all her heart and respects him much more than she does her religion. He touches all aspects of her life and gives meaning to her whole existence. The au dience would be shocked as during the Victorian era religion was paramount in the lives of the people. However, it is not just love for one person that is described but the feeling of love itself. Similarly, as Romeo and Juliet become innocent victims of an atrocious ‘‘strife’’ between their families when they ‘’take their lives’’.Considerably, the poet evokes strong feelings towards the emotion of love when Browning is describing the intensity of religion and the link between death and love, as Shakespeare does when he links the idea of love and death in the prologue, allowing both the audience and the reader to openly question the content without profanity. In the play ‘Romeo and Juliet’ segregated from society is a dominant feeling and a reoccurring theme. Romeo and Juliet go to extreme lengths to preserve their love together.They did this as according to Elizabethan society it was nor their ‘Fate’ nor ‘Destiny’ to ever be together. Therefore by choosing to be together consequences to them both mocking society. Juliet was Romeos second love which is ironic and therefore mocks society because Elizabethans believed in fate and destiny and that you could only ever love one person. If you loved again you weren’t really in love or you previous relationship wasn’t love but lust. Romeo’s feelings power his actions contradicting the Elizabethan norm which would undoubtedly evoke strong feelings such as disgust and shock from the audience.Alternatively in the poem ‘My last duchess’ the writer evokes strong feelings from the reader by focusing on the dominance and control of the Duke towards his wife. The audience in this case is this the ambassador acting on behalf of Ferdinand referred to in the poem as ‘The Count, your master’ but in reality it is the reader. This makes the reader feel rebellious as they are ‘eavesdroppin g’ on an interesting conversation. This completely contrasts to Romeos relationship with Juliet. They respect and accept each other as equals whereas the Duke doesn’t respect his wife or even acknowledge her.The duke refers to his wife, not by her name, by ‘she’. A contemporary reader would accept this as men were the dominant spouse. ‘’Half flushed that dies along the throat’’. This is ironic as it is said that the duke killed or had his wife killed, we could interpret that he beheaded or had her beheaded. This would surprise the reader as the duke earlier in the poem he compliments his wife, calling her a ‘wonder’. Although his words and actions are brutal the duke would have been accepted by society as men were believed to be higher than women.Romeo and Juliet’s love was not accepted by an Elizabethan society but they choose to ignore their friends and family, therefore appalling their audiences and mocking their entire beliefs. In the play Romeo and Juliet confusion, doubt and uncertainty are common emotions. During the balcony scene Juliet is speaking her mind unaware that Romeo had been listening. ‘’Be sworn my love, and I shall no longer be a Capulet’’. She would disown her family to be with Romeo, someone whom she had just met. This would have stunned an Elizabethan audience as she came from a rich, well respected family.There is more confusion when Juliet’s feelings change, ‘’ it is too rash, too unadvised, too sudden’’. Shakespeare uses the ‘rule of three’ to emphasise on the word ‘too’. He does this to show how strong Juliet’s doubt towards Romeo is. An Elizabethan audience would be confused as to how she could change her mind as they believed in love at first sight and this was going against that belief. Shakespeare mocks his entire society though his characters by showing them that fate and destiny is not written in the stars but is decided by you.Equally, in the poem ‘The Laboratory’ there is a lot of confusion between the character and the reader. The woman in the poem is searching for the perfect poison to commit a murder. She cannot seem to decide what poison she would like and is distracted by the â€Å"exquisite blue† colours of the poisons. ‘’Yonder soft phial†¦ sure to taste sweetly, – is that poison too? ’’. Her actions are very child-like and due to her frequent change of mind the reader will begin to doubt her motive and seriousness.The reader feels confused at her motives and could assume the poem is comic and not serious. By using a question mark, the poet emphasises the protagonists confused mind. This confusion is further highlighted by the â€Å"-â€Å"which separates the question from the rest of the stanza and draws it to the attention of the reader. Clearly, Shakespeare and Mr and Mrs Browning all convey strong emotion to the audience and readers whether it is through language, structure or form. This is one of the main reasons why their literature has lasted and is greatly treasured.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

Zychol Chemicals Case Study Answers

Although concerns are seemingly simple, they consist of essential effects for further analysis. If you do not knowingly ask these concerns, you will deprive on your own of some of one of the most essential proof there is for understanding records. Train yourself to highlight or highlight the info that will allow you to answer the adhering to concerns. You should recognize exactly how this Glycol Chemicals Case Study Answers record came to be produced. Composed historical documents were produced y Individuals In a particular historic setting for a particular function.Till you know who produced the Glycol Chemicals Case Study Answers document you have reviewed, you can not know why it was produced or just what meanings its author intended to give by producing it. Nor is it enough to merely discover the name of the author; it is similarly vital to find out concerning authors as folks, what social background they came form, what position they held, to exactly what group they belonged. Al though you will certainly discover the identity of the writer from the introductory notes, you will learn such regarding that person or group from the Glycol Chemicals Case Study Answers paper.The final inquiry has to do with the content of the Glycol Chemicals Case Study Answers record. You now recognize enough regarding it in a general method to observe exactly what it actually says. To discover the plot, you have to take some notes while you are reading and also highlight or highlight crucial areas in your message. The a lot more usually you ask on your own, What is taking place here? The simpler it will certainly be to learn. No matter how unknown Glycol Chemicals Case Study Answers paper shows p at first, purposeful focus on the plot will enable you to focus your reading.

Allusions in Arthur Millers “The Crucible” Essay

The Crucible contains many allusions, which is a reference to something supposed to be known, but not explicitly mentioned; a covert indication; indirect reference. Miller uses allusions to convey the theological beliefs and religious convictions of his characters. There is chaos in the town after the people there find out that there might be witches that inhabited the village. Abigail and her friends are accusing people of being possessed by demons. When Hale shows up he is convinced that there are witches in the town and believes Abigail. As Abigail walks through the crowd of people surrounding the courtroom where a meeting is being held all the people disperse away from her creating a pathway. In the Old Testament Moses comes to a sea and places his staff into the ground and suddenly the seas part allowing the Moses and the slaves to pass through the other side. When Abigail passes through the crowd, it opens up just like what had happened in the Old Testament. This also is irony because Millers audience that is reading the play knows that Abigail is making up these false accusations, but some people in the town believe her and are making her into some kind of religious figure. In the Crucible there is an allusion to Good vs. Evil. In Act III Danforth says, â€Å"a person is either with this court or he must be counted against it†(Miller 1137). The town is religiously and morally based so you are either classified under a believer or someone who believes in evil. The good people are seen as opponents of the court and the bad people are seen as proponents of the court. The irony in that is that the good people are treated like criminals and the criminals are treated like heroes. Miller uses allusion to portray Reverend Hale. In the begging of the play Hale came to the town and wanted to make the town pure once again. He believed in everything that Abigail and the girls said and questioned everyone that they had accused. Then he left for a while which was just like Jesus leaving and going into the desert for 40 days and 40 nights. When Reverend Hale returned he talked to John Proctor and believed him. This was like Hale went from this person who believed so much that there was witches in the town to coming to his senses and believing in the facts. We can  compare Reverend Hale to John Newton. Newton was a slave trader, who didn’t believe in God and was caught in a bad storm and called out to God for help and experienced what he was to refer to later as his â€Å"great deliverance†. After that he became believer and was baptized. So this man went form not believing to believing in god. John Proctor the protagonist in The Crucible could be compared to Jesus. In the last Act Proctor was faced with an important decision. Danforth offered Proctor a chance to get out of being hung but refused because he didn’t want them to make a mockery of him. So he took his punishment of death. He could have gotten out of being killed but did not because he knew what he was doing was right. Jesus knew the night before that the guards were coming to capture him so he could be killed. Jesus could have run and have gotten away but he made peace with God and died on the cross for our sins. When Abigail was accusing everyone in the town of being witches people were being hung without fair trials. This was like people in the early century being persecuted when they were completely innocent to begin with. In the end of the play people were started to realize that she was phony and she took off. The Crucible had a lot to due with people’s reputations than anything, which is a form of corruption, which we see a lot in these days. The Crucible contained many allusions that portrayed the bad characters in the play as religious figures. Being such as morally and religious based town he people who were innocent were seen as criminals through the eyes of the town because they believed in something that was truly evil.

Wednesday, October 9, 2019

Project Manager and the Project Management Essay

Project Manager and the Project Management - Essay Example All these were made possible by having a well planned and construction project. Introduction: The perennial contradiction created by aspirations of designers, owners and constructors have gone â€Å"mission critical’ in the recent economic times. Pressure is mounting on the owners to save time and cost in all aspects of construction, where as the designers are struggling to conserve utilization rate at satisfactory levels and contractors are trying hard to maintain cash flow and a healthy order book. The owners have always expected to have an expeditious, quality with a maximum functionality at a least capital cost. From the designer’s point of view, the owner invariably wants a good and sound design at minimum cost and often in an overly optimistic timeframe. Therefore this paper will analyze all the factors which contributed to the success or failure of this construction project based on the following three managerial primary elements which are the major determinate for the success of the construction project. Managing costs of the project, accomplished through accumulating, organising and analysing data and reporting cost time and performance information through formalised methods and structures. Managing time planning, scheduling and controlling the project to achieve the time objectives through recognised control methodologies Managing the human resource, directing and co-ordinating the administration of people involved in the project such as dispute resolution. Managing costs of the project: Contract cash flow The contractor’s business model relies heavily on cash flow, despite this key factor, subcontractor normally sign up to ‘pay only when paid’ contract provisions which severely hamper their cash flow. For contractors and designers who are so anxious in maintaining cash flow are always tempted to make low-ball bids so as to win many tenders. Before making such decision, it is advisable for these designers and contrac tors to make sure that they are properly informed on the following about; risk profile of the project, any provisions cascaded from other contracts, their liability, security required, notice period claim, warrantee provided, ramification on the mindset of staffs and the payment terms. To avoid contractors being preoccupied with money worries, owners must offer better payment terms as well as prompt payments. To the contrary, the practice where owners decide to give service providers and contractors a run around when it comes to the bona fides invoices is becoming so prevalent. In doing these, owners are unnecessarily prejudicing the survival of contractors and service providers alike. Inevitably some companies will be struggling to meet the payment schedules, and therefore in such situations, the company should seek to renegotiate the terms of payment at an earliest possible opportunity. Managing time planning, scheduling and controlling the project: Construction scheduling and upd ating The need for a well developed critical path method scheduling has become more and more pertinent in undertaking projects. The CPM schedule can greatly increase the chance of completion on time while minimizing the incidence of any claims. Once an appropriate CPM is in place, the following will be achieved: Improved planning ahead of

Tuesday, October 8, 2019

Chicago Gun Laws and its effect on the Criminal Justice System Research Paper

Chicago Gun Laws and its effect on the Criminal Justice System - Research Paper Example In fact, perhaps Chicago is a case study in which we see quite clearly that strict gun controls harm the public rather than protect it, by removing legitimate access to firearms and leaving the illegal arms trade to those who have less legitimate purposes for those guns. The legal climate of Chicago’s gun control policies is complex and confusing to most who try to follow it, especially with the constitutional challenges even new laws are facing. A detailed study of these laws, and their respective effects on the criminal justice system, should provide a useful perspective on whether their existence is warranted given Chicago’s crime rates. Chicago’s reputation for strict gun control laws started in the 1980s when the city passed, along with Washington D.C., tighter restrictions on who can legally acquire and use firearms within the city limits. However, despite these laws being in place in both Washington D.C. and Chicago, neither city enjoyed a reduced crime ra te (Levitt 174). Although Chicago never received a careful analysis at this time, it was known that Chicago lagged behind the nationwide homicide decline during the 1990s. This had led those familiar with the Chicago legal situation to suggest that policies raising the cost of using guns as opposed to targeting ownership is the most effective strategy for reducing gun-related crime. Although Chicago’s policies against guns were well known even in the 1970s, some authors have remarked that enforcement of those laws is the weak link connecting gun control laws to reduced crime (Bendis and Balkin). Because gun laws vary by state to state and, in some cases, from city to city, the best strategy for understanding the impact of Chicago’s gun control laws is to examine those laws in the context of state laws related to guns. In Illinois, firearms are not required to be registered nor are carry permits issued. However, individuals need a state permit to purchase a firearm and an owner license is issued to every firearm owner. Part of this process is the Firearm Owner’s Identification (or FOID) card, which owners acquire from the Illinois state police (Illinois General Assembly). An individual must present a valid FOID card whenever he or she attempts to purchase firearms or ammunition. This allows the state to monitor the purchasing of firearms (1) to keep dangerous weapons out of the hands of dangerous people and (2) to assist in investigations in gun-related crime. Additionally, the use of FOID cards screens out and prevents individuals who have been convicted of a felony from acquiring firearms from a licensed vendor. The FOID card is difficult to acquire for individuals under 21 years (Illinois General Assembly). As the most populated and crime-ridden city in Illinois, Chicago has in place its own level of restrictions on gun ownership. For instance, the municipality has an ordinance in place that requires all firearm owners not only to have p ossession of a FOID card, but also that firearms are registered with the Chicago Police Department, in addition to the Illinois State Police. This policy did not include handguns up until June 2010, when new registrations of pistols were unfrozen by law after thirty years (AP). The effect of not allowing handguns was negative in the view of many city officials, who began to recognize the need for conceal-and-carry