Doing Fieldwork Among the Yanomamo an Example by

Doing Fieldwork Among the Yanomamo When it comes to such specific topics as the anthropological method of participant observation and the concept of culture shock, one particularly relatable article would be Doing Fieldwork Among the Yanomamo, written by Napolean A. Chagnon. We see that he starts off by discussing the presence of the Yanomamo, who are "thinly scattered over a vast and verdant tropical forest, living in small villages that are separated by many miles of unoccupied land' (1). Throughout the rest of the article we see how important he makes the fact of their habitat and manner of living, as he goes on to say that "They have no writing, but they have a rich and complex language. Their clothing is more decorative than protective...Much of their daily life revolves around gardening, hunting, collecting wild foods, collecting firewood, fetching water, visiting with each other, gossiping, and making the few material possessions they own: baskets, hammocks, bows, arrows, and colorful pigments with which they p aint their bodies' (1). Need essay sample on "Doing Fieldwork Among the Yanomamo" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Our Customers Very Often Tell Us: I've procrastinated to write my lord of the flies essay essay way too much today & I still don't wanna write it Our professional writers advise: Get Your Essay Before The Deadline How To Write An Essay In Mla FormatHow To Write A Research PaperMake An Essay For Me5 Steps To An EssayCollege Papers For SaleBuy Cheap EssayType My EssayCustom Essay Writing Service The majority of the article is based around the Yanomamo's style of living and what their social and personal lives revolve around. We are shown their conflicts and dilemmas, as well as their issues of warfare and welfare, and in particular, "The fact that the Yanomamo have lived in a chronic state of welfare is reflected in their mythology, ceremonies, settlement pattern, political behavior, and marriage practices' (2). In particular regards to the anthropological method of participant observation, we can see how this relates to the article in how Chagnon spent over 60 months living with the Yanomamo, and how during that time he ended up learning their language, submerging himself in their culture and way of life, and overall just becoming familiar with their personality and way of life. He collected data under some very trying circumstances and conditions, and some of which he explained as being significantly relatable to what anthropologists mean when they speak of culture shock, which basically refers to the feelings of confusion, distress, and often depression of well, which can result from the psychological stress that is caused by the body having to alter or change to adapt to an entirely new culture. Overall from this review we can conclude a number of different things, namely that the anthropological method of participant observation can be incredibly effective and rewarding, albeit difficult at the same time, as we have seen here, and also that the concept of culture shock is one that must be taken into serious consideration, especially when dealing with a completely alien culture, as was the case here. Works Cited Chagnon, Napolean A. 2 September 2007

Mrs. Daniels Essay

Mrs. Daniels Essay Mrs. Daniels Essay Running head: THE OPERATING BUDGET The Operating Budget LaToyia N. Daniels Strayer University Abstract This learner will discuss how to operate a Budget for the Department of Juvenile Justice, and act as a budget analysis for this state agency. I will create a strategic plan for this agency as well performs a cost analysis. This paper will also discuss the mission, vision, goals and objectives of DJJ in order to familiarize the direction of this agency. In being a budget analysis I have to forecast and analyze what the challenges are in managing a budget of this stature. There will be recommendations that this agency should review regarding new initiatives and budget cuts over the next five years. Lastly the budget analysis will review the most recent budget or financial plan for their agency. introduction The Georgia Department of Juvenile Justice is a multi-faceted agency that serves the state of Georgia’s offenders up to the age of 21Years old. In this department there are a total of 26 facilities that house the juvenile offenders for various crimes rather it being misdem eanor or felony crimes. There are also 92 court services offices through the entire state of Georgia. There are more than 4,000 employees that work at DJJ in the different areas whether if it is in the facility, community, education, or health services. DJJ employee’s main goals are to ensure the safety of this youth by providing supervision, planning and treatment to the youthful offenders so that they can be held accountable for their delinquent acts as well as to become productive citizens within the community in which they live. DJJ seeks to protect and serve the victims of crimes which are caused by our juvenile offenders within that community so that they can rebuild their lives in their various communities of Georgia. The Mission of DJJ is â€Å"To protect and serve the citizens of Georgia by holding young offenders accountable for their actions through the delivery of services and sanctions in appropriate settings and by supporting youth in their communities to become productive and law-abiding citizens.† The Vision of DJJ is to â€Å"OFFER HOPE AND YOUTH CHANGE† DJJ will lead the nation in preparing young people in its care to develop and sustain productive lives. The Values of DJJ is to â€Å"strive to create and sustain an agency culture that values accountability, integrity, security, superior, performance, ongoing personal growth, intellectual curiosity, innovation, teamwork, and leadership not only in our staff but also in the young people in our facilities and programs. The Goals of DJJ is to (1) create and sustain an agency culture that is cutting edge and promotes excellence. (2) Provide a continuum of high quality services for youthful offenders. (3) Provide employees opportunities to grow individually and as leaders; and (4) establish collaborative partnerships with families, neighbors, law enforcement, victims, DJJ staff and the youth themselves so that we can maximize our positive impact on youth and families. Budget Overview Georgia’s state budget for juvenile justice is $266 million in Fiscal Year 2011 and may grow to $279 million in 2012. There are almost 50,000 youths are in the system each year, either awaiting adjudication or serving their sentences-50,000 youths who represent the future workforce and citizens of Georgia (Moll and McCutchen). Georgia spends over $63,000 per year to incarcerate a juvenile offender, in which the cost to house each juvenile offender in a Youth Development Campus (YDC) or a Regional Youth Detention Center (RYDC) is $200 per day. Statistics shows that 13 percent of juvenile offenders are incarcerated in either or facility whether it being the local facility in your city (RYDC) or development campus that house violent offenders. Most of the department’s budget is securing placements for these youth by housing them in secure facility or a non-secure facility like a

Cancer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Cancer - Essay Example However, in the recent times, the incidence of cancer has been on the rise (Dein, 2006, p. 35). There are various dietary, genetic, lifestyle related and environmental factors that could cause cancer (Dein, 2006, p. 35). Medical experts associate this trend with a range of factors such as pollution, smoking, stress, improper dietary choices, faulty lifestyles, substance abuse, genetics and the like, which negatively influence the cell division mechanisms in the body and lead to cancerous tumors in different human organs (Dein, 2006, p. 35). To put it in simple words, cancer happens to be an uncontrolled division of cells in an organism’s body (Weinberg, 1999, p. 1). In a healthy individual the division of body cells is systematic and controlled and facilitates many important body functions and physiological developments. However, in case this cell division gets uncontrolled, it may form a tumor, the name attributed to a mass of abnormal cells (Weinberg, 1999, p. 1). As cancero us tumors are composed of abnormal cells, they do not serve any healthy function in an organism’s body. Rather, an unobstructed growth of cancerous tumors obstructs the normal working of the healthy tissues and in extreme cases, if not checked through medical intervention, may cause death (Weinberg, 1999, p. 1). Cancers are caused by a variety of reasons or factors. They may infect any part or tissue in a body. Many a time cancers are caused by genetic disorders (Adrouny, 2002, p. 7).

Government of the Peoples Republic of China Essay

Government of the Peoples Republic of China - Essay Example An assessment of how majority of the stakeholders (the Chinese living in the countryside) benefit from the economic growth of the PROC is essential to qualify the success of being a world power of the developing country. Therefore, a grasp of the policies is important for policies are statements on how the Chinese leadership grapples issues. Moreover, the timeline of this research is beginning from the crucial years of 1978-1979, the time when Maoist China became Dengist. The establishment of the PROC in 1949 heralded a victory for the proletariat's struggle. Many in this working class are farmers who were mostly concentrated in rural China. Hence, it is understandable that development of the agriculture sector and the rural areas remains a priority in a largely agricultural country. In the early years of the People's Republic, in which Mao Zedong was the leader, the principle of collective agriculture was the primary basis in settling policy incongruity. "Ideological imperatives ensured that under Mao, the underlying policy dilemma was resolved through the establishment of a collective agriculture" (Ash 2001, p. 91). Utilizing agriculture to gain surplus was an important element to industrialize, indeed, "the e"the essential developmental role of agriculture is to generate a surplus, albeit one that assumes various forms. A basic imperative is to produce a real surplus: of food, especially for industrial workers and their urban dependants; of raw materials for light industry; and of exports in order to earn foreign exchange" (Ash 2001, p. 77). Labour development was the most evident result and was parallel to agricultural and rural development in Maoist China. "In general, the process of agricultural collectivization was instrumental in providing an institutional framework that went some way toward maximizing rural employment opportunities, albeit at the expense of waste, inefficiency, and the concealment of large numbers of surplus farm laborers"(Ash 2001, p. 78). Mao's death in 1976 provided an avenue for the moderates led by Deng Xiaoping. Modernization of agriculture remained one of the four top agendas, though Deng opted to achieve this by gradually employing an open system. "The ultimate thrust of agricultural policy since 1978 has been to transform China's farm sector from a supply-orientated to a market-responsive, demand-oriented system" (Ash 2001, p. 83). Furthermore, some capitalist aspects were injected to policies in developing agriculture and rural sector under the brand of "Socialism with Chinese characteristics." "In ancillary farming activities (research, irrigation, crop spraying, processing) there does exist considerable potential to realize scale economies and secure the benefits of cooperation. Typically, capitalist agriculture is characterized by the use of small manpower units devoted to the main farm tasks, combined with a significant degree of cooperation in such activities. Farm policy in China during the post-Mao period has increasingly sought to provide institutions that would preserve these valuable aspects of

Legal Difficulties Faced by any US Based Multinational Corporation Essay

Legal Difficulties Faced by any US Based Multinational Corporation - Essay Example In the global market, it is heartbreaking for an exporting and manufacturing business when its patent, trademark, brand name and even business plans are copied by some businesses in other countries and as a result, it loses the benefits that they aim at. Many businesses are not careful in protecting its intellectual properties. the global market, it is heartbreaking for an exporting and manufacturing business when its patent, trademark, brand name and even business plans are copied by some businesses in other countries and as a result, it loses the benefits that they aim at. Many businesses are not careful in protecting its intellectual properties. This summary points out some strategies that a business can use to protect its intellectual properties in order to keep patent and trademark unique. A tort has been defined as a wrongful act against an individual or body corporate and his, her or its property which gives rise to a civil claim (David Kelly, Ann E. M. Holmes, Ruth Hayward--). A broad area of tort law has been developed regarding the responsibility of employer towards employees and third parties who are affected by employee’s doing while they are in the workplace. Negligence is an important tort because it is constantly growing in the social and economic change. It has been stated in the participation by Michael Seymour that ‘a tort is defined as a negligent or intentional civil wrong not arising out of a contract or statute’. A tort may injure someone in the workplace or not due to employee’s actions and for which the injured party may sue the  wrongdoer for damages. So, the main object of the tort of negligence is to provide compensation to the injured person. Torts that can impact a workplace include negligence, false imprisonment assault, battery, inertial misrepresentation, and malicious prosecution. Negligence on the part of a manufacturer, for example, some manufacturers of China as it is discussed everywhere will cause serious issues and noises both inside and outside the manufacturer. As a manufacturer, it must necessarily ensure that the product is safe and it is up to the level promised to the public. There are products defectively designed by manufacturers that cause either injuries or even dissatisfaction of the ultimate consumers.

The Aspect of Hypocrisy in the Workplace

The Aspect of Hypocrisy in the Workplace From the previous emotion and writing exercise, several sentences were noted down. These sentences were as a result of the frustrations which I had experienced at my previous workplaces following the hypocrisy which existed. This paper seeks to discuss the problem of hypocrisy as per the previously noted down sentences. The problem of hypocrisy in the workplace has always left me feeling both angry and helpless. As a result, I have often wondered why individuals have to be selfish. At the workplace, I observed that managers were only keen to have their orders followed. Already receiving higher incomes, they still found it easy to step on their juniors who had no choice but to follow their orders. People should not expect others to do things which they are not prepared to do themselves. Every other time, such managers made decisions which were not rational and only because they wanted to profit from the benefits alone. It does not hurt to wish and dream and so many times I have wished I had the power to put a stop to this hypocrisy. If only I was at the helm of that company, I would set an example for everyone else. As a leader willing to serve everyone equally I would be prepared to apply the same for those with whom I share special relations. I do not see why one deserves to be treated differently from others simply because they know the boss. Managers often had their friends receive special treatment with most of them being engaged in various workshops which came with a lot of benefits. Some things should just be prohibited. Hypocrisy not only lowers a companys efficiency but it also brings about unethical tendencies which should not be allowed in workplaces. References Check, J. (2004). I Teach, (I Feel), I Write: The Effects of Emotion on Writing About Schooling The Quarterly, Vol. 26, No.3. Greene, S.S. (1995). An Introduction to the Study of English Grammar, Philadelphia: Cowperthwait Co. Nordquist: R. (2010). Basic Sentence Structures in English About.com, Retrieved on 18 January, 2010 from, http://grammar.about.com/od/basicsentencegrammar/a/basicstructures.htm Wiechert, P. (2007). Exclamative Sentences-a Basic Sentence Type? An Analysis of Exclamative Sentences in English and German, Berlin: Grin Verlag

Power of Religion in John Steinbecks The Grapes of Wrath Essay

The Power of Religion in John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck's epic novel, The Grapes of Wrath, chronicles the struggles of the Joads as they join the thousands of fellow "Okies" in a mass migration westward. The Joads reluctantly leave behind their Oklahoma farm in search of work and food in California. While Steinbeck writes profoundly and emotionally about the political problems of the Great Depression, his characters also show evidence of a deep concern with spirituality. When they feel hopeless and are uncertain about their immediate future, their concentration on religion dwindles. On the other hand, when they leave their home, the Joads regain spiritual faith; they have something to live for: California. Once they arrive and find only more difficulties, they lose their sense that better things are ahead of them and gravitate back towards thinking politically. However, they finally return to the source of their original faith--religion-- at their most desperate time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the first characters Steinbeck introduces (after Tom Joad) is the former preacher Jim Casy, who questions his own faith in his initial conversation with Tom: "Ain't got the call [to preach] no more. Got a lot of sinful idears-but they seem kinda sensibleThe sperit's strong in me, on'y it ain't the sameHere I got the sperit sometimes an' nothin' to preach about. I got the call to lead the people, an' no place to lead 'em" (Steinbeck 20-21). His skepticism precludes him from preaching. He still recognizes the importance of his religion, but he is no longer sure of its role in the times of hopelessness. Casy could not preach when neither he nor those to whom he preached had a purpose. When guided by a goal, though, he pro... ...gles with their own faith in the midst of hunger, poverty, homelessness and loss of family are enlightening, and can inspire people who are not in that terrible situation to reconsider themselves. Work Cited Steinbeck, John. The Grapes of Wrath. New York: Penguin Books, 1998. Works Consulted Conder, John J. "Steinbeck and Nature's Self: The Grapes of Wrath." John Steinbeck, Modern Critical Views. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987. 125-140. French, Warren. John Steinbeck. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1975. Levant, Howard. "The Fully Matured Art: The Grapes of Wrath." John Steinbeck, Modern Critical Views. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987. 35-62. Lojek, Helen. "Jim Casy: Politico of the New Jerusalem." Steinbeck Quarterly, Winter-Spring 1982. 30-37. The New American Bible, Gospel of John. 23:34. New York: The Catholic Press, 1976.

Applying Management Theories

Company A was initially formed as a group of engineering students to undertake the project of modifying and coding a Boot to automatically move around a maze as quickly as possible. The group was formed by Dry S. Watson, the project supervisor. The group consisted of four students: J. Peters, A. Shabbier, A. Mohammed and O. Added. The students began their project through the organized Company 1 meetings. In their first meeting they were introduced to each other, though J. Peters was absent, which disadvantaged him later in the project.The group cited that their first action would be to organize a group meeting in the week, before the next company meeting, a good pro-active decision. It was observed that no leadership took place in the group with everyone inputting questions that the group could not answer. The Part D students were then able to answer some questions. In the meeting the group did not discuss project strategy, but discussed sensor systems, there was no clear sensory sys tem decided with A. Shabbier wanting to research into sonar systems and A.Mohammed continuing research into IR sensors and QUIT sensors. Over the next two weeks the group began to realize their task and formed their project structure based on the diagram, [ Figure 1 ]. The strategy overall was carried out well throughout the group, as they became more aware of mistakes that may have occurred without the plan and check stages. Once the strategy was in place, the Plan section was implemented. Within the plan stage the group took into account the following factors for equipment choice: Cost, Complexity and Acceptability.An example of this method was the choice of sensors, the group decided to use IR sensors, as they were cheaper than sonar systems, they were the east complex of all the systems and achieved the groups' requirements. This decision making process was very powerful, as it gave the groups specific criteria that they had to uphold and it prevented members from verging off to pic, which they were prone to doing. Figure 1 – Plan check do act (PICA) model A main failure of the group however, was that they did not choose a project leader.Their failure resulted in a leaderless structure to the group, immediately disadvantaging the group, as there was no one to make key decisions. This can be seen by tensions formed in the group with regards to sub-systems. The group decided to create sub-systems and allocate a person per sub-system, though this was a sensible systematic approach (though it could have been improved by using at a job design chart, such as in [ Figure 21). Breaking down the sub-systems affected the group with some tasks much simpler and straight forward than others. This process led to J. Peters and A. Mohammed wanting the same roles.The decision was made by the rest of the group that A. Mohammed would be better suited to the desired role. J. Peters had little contact with the group up until that point and this showed in the groups' deci sion. J. Peters was left with the difficult task of producing the interim report for the group. This was a poor decision by the group as it meant that they issue also arose from the sub-system approach, where during one week; more than one member of the group was absent. This led to a halt in progress of the project in the areas where team members were away, as absent team members knew their role, but the other team members did not.This should have been factored into the projects' risk contingency plan; however this was yet to be created by J. Peters. This failure resulted in a week without progress and certainly created tension not only thin the group, but between the group and supervisor as well. A better strategy would have been to split the design into sub-systems, but within each sub-system, tasks could be created and given to members of the group, allowing more than one group member to have knowledge of each sub-system to ensure progress continues.What sequence? Who else? How to interface with the facilities? Environmental conditions? How much autonomy? Skills? Where to locate? Tasks? Figure 2 – A Job design chart, enabling users to identify each role After the fourth week it was clear that A. Shabbier had taken charge of the project, which could be a positive factor of not immediately selecting a group leader, as it allowed time for the more dedicated person the project to take control, effectively becoming the natural leader.His indecision however, led to a long delay within an exercise the group carried out. A requirement that the group made was to increase the speed of the robot. The group originally removed the wheel and replaced it with a larger wheel increasing the speed, a good idea; however, their plan did not consider that they were not allowed to remove parts from the Boot. Therefore the approach taken by he group was to use their project PICA strategy and they were able to modify the wheel by creating an extension to use the original w heel as a shaft for a larger wheel.This shows good initiative from the group, however the issue should not and would limitation control. The group would have been better to choose a product design strategy, where they generated a concept, which they could feedback to the supervisor in a company meeting, who could then evaluate the groups' design, making sure it is suitable for the set requirements. This would make sure the design fits the requirements and if not, it could be improved until it did. The groups' strategy for their hardware sub-system had certain requirements, one of which included a LED display.The display was a creative concept as many ideas in the group were; however there was a delay in delivery (due to the University) which the group had not planned for. This delay was unplanned for with no risk contingency plan in place. This therefore meant the group had to alter their Giant chart to their needs at that time. This was poorly planned, as a better Giant chart would have had extra time allocated for work that could not be completed at the specific time.

SIDS essays

SIDS essays Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) has always been a topic I wondered about but knew very little information on. I was about fifteen years old when I first became familiar with SIDS. Waking up to the flashing red and blue lights as the sound of the loud siren became closer and closer, I looked out my window and noticed the ambulance was at the house next door. I quickly jumped up and put on my robe and house shoes. I opened my bedroom door and ran down the hall to my mothers room. I shouted, Mom and told her there was an ambulance outside. She grabbed my hand and rushed out the door. There were other neighbors outside by then trying to see what was going on. We watched from our porch as the medical workers raced back and forth to the ambulance getting the equipment that was needed. My mom told me to stay on the porch while she tried to see what was going on. She walked across the street and started asking the other neighbors if they knew of anything or if anyone had been h urt. The little old lady with the gray hair from the house down the street replied, The Johnsons new born, Alex, isnt breathing. Not knowing exactly what all this was about, I saw my mother walking back towards the porch as she wiped the tears that were running down the sides of her nose. At that moment, I knew something wasnt right. Repeatedly, I asked, is everything okay? She rapped her arms tightly around me, Theres something wrong with Amandas little brother, she said. My stomach dropped. All I could think about was the worst. Amanda was my best friend and she was Mr. and Mrs. Johnsons oldest daughter. What could be wrong, I thought to myself. I thought Alex was perfectly healthy. The medical workers rushed to their vehicles and shortly after, the Johnsons came walking out the door. Mrs. Johnson got into the ambulance with the baby and Mr. Joh...

Why Inner City Youth Suffer PTSD

Why Inner City Youth Suffer PTSD â€Å"The Centers for Disease control says these kids often live in virtual war zones, and doctors at Harvard say they actually suffer from a more complex form of PTSD. Some call it ‘Hood Disease.’† San Francisco KPIX television news anchor Wendy Tokuda spoke these words during a broadcast on May 16, 2014. Behind the anchor desk, a visual graphic featured the words â€Å"Hood Disease† in capital letters, in front of a backdrop of a heavily graffitied, boarded up storefront, accented with a strip of yellow police tape. Yet, there is no such thing as hood disease, and Harvard doctors have never uttered these words. After other reporters and bloggers challenged her about the term, Tokuda admitted that a local resident of Oakland had used the term, but that it had not come from public health officials or medical researchers. However, its mythical nature  didn’t stop other reporters and bloggers across the U.S. from reprinting Tokuda’s story and missing the real story: racism and economic inequality take a serious toll on the physical and mental health of those who experience them. The Connection Between Race and Health Eclipsed by this journalistic misdirection is the fact that  post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)  among inner city youth is a real public health problem that demands attention. Speaking to the broader implications of systemic racism, sociologist Joe R. Feagin emphasizes that many of the costs of racism born by people of color in the U.S. are health-related, including lack of access to adequate health care, higher rates of morbidity from heart attacks and cancer, higher rates of diabetes, and shorter life spans. These disproportionate rates manifest largely due to structural inequalities in society that play out across racial lines. Doctors who specialize in public health refer to race as a social determinant of health. Dr. Ruth Shim and her colleagues explained, in an  article published in the January  2014 edition of  Psychiatric Annals, Social determinants are the main drivers of health disparities, which are defined by the World Health Organization as ‘differences in health which are not only unnecessary and avoidable, but, in addition, are considered unfair and unjust.’  In addition, racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, and geographic disparities in health care are responsible for poor health outcomes across a number of illnesses, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and asthma. In terms of mental and substance use disorders, disparities in prevalence persist across a wide range of conditions, as do disparities in access to care, quality of care, and overall burden of disease. Bringing a sociological lens to this issue, Dr. Shim and her colleagues add, â€Å"It is important to note that the social determinants of mental health are shaped by the distribution of money, power, and resources, both worldwide and in the U.S.† In short, hierarchies of power and privilege create hierarchies of health. PTSD Is a Public Health Crisis AmongInner City Youth In recent decades medical researchers and public health officials have focused on the psychological implications of living in racially ghettoized, economically blighted inner-city communities. Dr. Marc W. Manseau, a psychiatrist at NYU Medical Center and Bellevue Hospital, who also holds a Masters degree in Public Health, explained to About.com how public health researchers frame the connection between inner city life and mental health. He said, There is a large and recently growing literature on the myriad physical and mental health effects of economic inequality, poverty, and neighborhood deprivation.  Poverty, and concentrated urban poverty in particular, are especially toxic to growth and development in childhood. Rates of most mental illnesses, including but certainly not limited to post-traumatic stress disorder, are higher for those who grow up impoverished. In addition, economic deprivation lowers academic achievement and increases behavioral problems, thus sapping the potential of generations of people.  For these reasons, rising inequality and endemic poverty can and indeed must be viewed as public health crises. It is this very real  relationship between poverty and mental health that San Francisco news anchor, Wendy Tokuda, fixed on when she misstepped and propagated  the myth of â€Å"hood disease.† Tokuda referred to research shared by Dr. Howard Spivak, Director of the Division of Violence Prevention at the CDC, at a Congressional Briefing in April  2012. Dr. Spivack found that children who live in inner cities experience higher rates of PTSD than do combat veterans, due in large part to the fact that the majority of kids living in inner-city neighborhoods are routinely exposed to violence. For example, in Oakland, California, the Bay Area city that Tokuda’s report focused on, two-thirds of the city’s murders take place in East Oakland, an impoverished area. At Freemont High School, students are frequently seen wearing tribute cards around their necks that celebrate the lives and mourn the deaths of friends who have died. Teachers at the school report that students suffer from depression, stress, and denial of what is going on around them. Like all people who suffer from PTSD, the teachers note that anything can set off a student and incite an act of violence. The traumas inflicted on youth by  everyday gun violence was well documented in 2013 by the radio program, This American Life, in their two-part broadcast on Harper High School, located in the Englewood neighborhood of Chicago’s South Side. Why the Term "Hood Disease" is Racist What we know from public health research, and from reports like these done in Oakland and Chicago, is that PTSD is a serious public health problem for inner-city youth across the U.S. In terms of geographic racial segregation, this also means that PTSD  among youth is overwhelmingly a problem for youth of color. And therein lies the problem with the term â€Å"hood disease.† To refer in this way to widespread physical and mental health problems that stem from social structural conditions and economic relations is to suggest that these problems are endemic to â€Å"the hood† itself. As such, the term obscures the very real social and economic forces that lead to these mental health  outcomes. It suggests that poverty and crime are pathological problems, seemingly caused  by this â€Å"disease,† rather than by the conditions in the neighborhood, which are produced by particular social structural and economic relations. Thinking critically, we can also see the term hood disease as an extension of the â€Å"culture of poverty† thesis, propagated by many social scientists and activists in the mid-twentieth century- later soundly disproven- which holds that it is the value system of the poor that keeps them in a cycle of poverty. Within this reasoning, because people grow up poor in poor neighborhoods, they are socialized into values unique to poverty, which then when lived out and acted upon, recreate the conditions of poverty. This thesis is deeply flawed because it is devoid of any considerations of social structural forces that create poverty, and shape the conditions of people’s lives. According to sociologists and race scholars Michael Omi and Howard Winant’s, something is racist  if it â€Å"creates or reproduces structures of domination based on essentialist categories of race.† â€Å"Hood disease,† especially when combined with the visual graphic of boarded up, graffitied buildings blocked by crime scene tape, essentializes- flattens and represents  in a simplistic way- the diverse experiences of a neighborhood of people into a disturbing, racially coded sign. It suggests that those who live in â€Å"the hood† are very much inferior to those who do not- â€Å"diseased,† even. It certainly does not suggest that this problem can be addressed or solved. Instead, it suggests that it is something to be avoided, as are the neighborhoods where it exists. This is colorblind racism at its most insidious. In reality, there is no such thing as â€Å"hood disease, but many inner-city children are suffering the consequences of living in a society that does not meet their  nor their communities basic life needs.  The place is not the problem. The people who live there are not the problem. A society organized to produce unequal access to resources and rights based on race and class is the problem. Dr. Manseau observes, â€Å"Societies serious about improving health and mental health have directly taken on this challenge with substantial proven and documented success. Whether the United States values its most vulnerable citizens enough to make similar efforts remains to be seen.†

PERSONAL STATEMENT on masters in ECONOMIC REGULATION AND COMPETITION Essay

PERSONAL STATEMENT on masters in ECONOMIC REGULATION AND COMPETITION POLICY - Essay Example Being a female who looks at life from an optimistic mindset, I hail from the Sultanate of Oman and am 20 years old. I have qualified from high school where I understood the basic nuances of life. My academic interests within high school helped me become the head of student council which allowed me a chance to properly understand how work processes within the student regimes were handled. It also gave me an opportunity to believe in the dictum of living for others more than my own self. I transpired to me that I could gain quite a lot if I involved myself whole-heartedly within the student council affairs and thus my vision was geared to look after the people whom I was representing within the high school. Due to my commitment levels shown in the school, I was made the head delegate to model United Nations from Sultanate of Oman to Geneva, Switzerland. I learned a great deal within my high school days, which empowered me to comprehend how life will shape up in the coming times. I beli eve being an economics student, I can better adapt to the financial and accounting dynamics which are significant in the time and age of today. Economics is an important discipline and should be analyzed in such a manner that there is immense growth and development within the related ranks of an individual. I envision economics to be an important part of my life as this has shaped up my professional domains in essence. Since the world is moving ahead at a fast pace, getting acquainted with economics is definitely a point of advantage because it puts the economic champions to know what they are talking about and how to mold the financial management issues with the way learning is done. Within the Sultanate of Oman, I opine that economics has been a successful case study because it has empowered the oil rich state to use its resources in a viable manner – a manner in which there is more efficiency and productivity than anything else. As far as my educational journey is concerne d, I am doing my University Bachelors degree (Joint Honors) from the City University. My majors are International Politics and Sociology. I hope to be a graduate in the summer of 2011. This degree program offers me a chance to understand how economics of competition are manifested as well as the economics of regulation. The applied competition policy, sectoral competition and regulation, and the quantitative techniques for competition and regulation with the regulation law are important tenets of the degree program. My studies have not taken up all of my time. I have paid attention to my personal and professional grooming as well. What this has done is to make me feel proud of who I am and how I interact with the people around me. This is a much looked for aspect in the present day and age, and I am no stranger to this phenomenon. I like to mingle within debates so that my skills get polished. I usually speak on all topics which are clear to my understanding and which make me feel a t home with the topic at hand. I compete with people so that my abilities become strong and hence my competitive spirit is taken in a very positive manner by all concerned. I am usually a good orator as I like to speak fluently and that too within different languages. I speak well on economics and the different economic tangents, which are a central part of any business enterprise and indeed the entire industry of which economics is an integral link. Current affairs are something that I

How do relationships affect an organization In what ways are they Personal Statement

How do relationships affect an organization In what ways are they positive in terms of efficiency - Personal Statement Example The same applies to a soccer team that wins the trophy at the end of the derby. Achieving desirable results when many characters are involved all boils down to creating an effective team. An unfortunate scenario where workers do not understand or relate well with one another could be termed as poor social working environment. An organization housing such irregularities would soon plunge into great debts and losses unless there is some divine- economic intervention. A real socially functional working environment is not achievable by instinct but by practise. For workers to know each other well, it is the prerogative of the management to engage them in team building activities and cooperation and co-ordination workshops all through in the life of the company (Reis & Leukefeld, 1998). In conclusion to have an effective team, employees must learn to relate well with one another. It goes a long way in minimizing conflict between workers so that more time is saved, and less energy is applied in carrying out tasks. This kind of efficiency ultimately translates to increased